Square bowl tubing spider



March 11, 1941. R. M; GAR NEON EIAL 2 -4 SQUARE BOWL TUBING SPIDER Filed Nov. 1, 19:57 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 March 1941- R. M. GARRISON ETA'L 2234.489

7 I SQUARE BOWL TUBING SPIDER v 7 Filed Nov. 1, 193-7 4 sheets-sheet 2 3, 15 E3 v 4 a Q i 1 i Ll Rflfimmsom 06.8mm?

@hzm V mam R. M. GARRISON EI' AL 4,489 squmz BOWL TUBING SPIDER March 11,1941.

4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Nov. 1, 1937 March 9 R. M. GARRISON ETAL 2,234,439

I soumm BOWL 'ruame'srmn Filed Nov. 1, 1937 4 Shuts-Sheet 4 Patented Mar. 11 1941 2.2349139 SQUARE BOWL TUBING srmna Ranaid M. Garrison and Dudley C. Sharp, Houston, Tex assignors to Mission Manufacturing Company, Houston, Tex a corporation oi Texas Application November 1, 1937, Serial N 172,173

4 Claims.

The invention relates to a spideroi the type to be positioned at a well head in order to support the string of tubing or other pipe as it is.

being lowered into orlifted from the well bore. In an operation of this sort where a string of tubing is being handled it is usual for the well to be provided with the casing and casing head and when the tubing is to beremoved or inserted relative to the well it is necessary to pro- 10 vide a piece of equipment so that the tubing string in the well may be suitably supported while the sections are being connected or disconnected. I'his equipment is not usually a part of the standard quipment on the well and is an appa- 1 ratus which is only utilized during this one specine-operation and is thereafter removed.

Tubing spiders have been provided in the past but in most instances they have been large and cumbersome in order to provide strength to sum 20 port the string of-tublng. In some instances this string of tubing is filled with oil, and in other instances where the well is quite deep the string tubing constitutes a substantial load. It has not been uncommon for tubing spiders to have 25 a weight of many thousands of pounds so that they were cumbersome to move about and diilibut which will withstand a substantial load and which is designed from an engineering stand-' point to resist the stresses applied to it so that heavy loads of tubing, casing, or other pipe, may be suspended. 35 Another object of the invention is to" provide a square bowl tubing spider. 1

Still another object is to provide a tubing spider having flat sides which converge at the point of application of the load so that the stresses applied to the spider in resisting the load will be along the center line of the side walls of the spider or parallel with the side walls.

Still another object of the invention is to pro- 45 vide the metal in the spider bowl so; that such metal is positioned in the line of stress applied to the spider in supporting the load. Still another object of the invention is to provide a mechanism for operating a plurality of 5c jaws in a tubing spider.

Still another object is to provide a spider having a plurality oi flat sides to resist the stresses between points of application by the load.

.It is also an object to provide a law interlock s5 actuating mechanism'ior pipe supporting spiders which will disconnect and connect again as the spider is opened or closed about the pipe.

Other and further objects of the invention will be readily apparent when the following descrip- Fig. 4 is a section taken on the line 4-4 of t Fig. 2 and showing the pipe supporting jaws in retracted position. I

Fig. 5 is a broken top plan view of the framework. I

Fig. 6 is a top plan view of the brace which is used to retain the tubing in the spider.

In Fig. 1 the frame oi the device is indicatedgenerally at 2 and is made up oi two complementalsections or halves such as Sand 6. These two parts are seen in Fig. 2 and are identical in that each forms one-half of the frame 2. These halves are each provided with interiltting lugs 5 through which there are aligned openings to receive the locking or latching bolt 6. This bolt may be supported by a chain 1 to prevent its complete removal. A connection 8 of this sort is provided at each side of the frame 2, as

seen in Fig. 1, so that the two halves of the frame may be positioned on the opposite sides of the tubing 8, which is to be supported, and the bolts 6 can then be inserted so that the spider is then ready to support the load. The belt 6 is preferably tapered.

The frame 2 may be provided with suitable lugs l2 by which the entire frame is supported. Particular attention is directed to the frame, per se, as seen in Fig. 5, and it will be observed that this frame is in the general configuration of a square in that it is made up of four side walls It. These side walls are inpairs, which are parallel with each other and meet at the corners it of the frame at right angles with each other. In each corner of the frame there is a trackway ll, which is formed in the frame with a dove-tailed opening I8 therein which is arranged to receive the pipe support-ingjaws.

A support post I 9. is mounted on the top-of trackways radially outward will be resisted by the straight flat walls l5 of the slip bowl. In

I this manner there is a direct action and, reaction of stresses, and the stresses in two adjacent side walls l5 will be the components of the stresses applied to the slip'supporting jaw and these components will be at right angles to each other. The stress will therefore flow directly through the wall l5 and when the parts are properly proportioned this stress will flow through the center line of the wall so that the entire volume of metal in the side wall will be available to resist this thrust and there. will be no bending moment applied to the metal. It is of course recognized that a section of metal will absorb a greater load in' tension than it will when a bending force is applied to it, and the present invention has therefore been devised with a view of providing a slip bowl which will require the minimum weight of metal in order to resist the load applied thereto. Any bowl having a plurality of sides such as three, six or eight may be provided.

In Figs. 3 and 4 the details of construction are shown. The pipe supporting jaws are arranged in the trackways of the four corners of the slip bowl. Each of these jaws is made up of a body 23 having a dove-tailed wedged portion 24 on the rear thereof which is arranged to slide in the dove-tailed groove 8 in the corner of the bowl and the forward face of each jaw is provided with a pipe engaging plate 25 which may have serrations or teeth 26 thereon. This plate is usually replaceable and is shown as being gripped between fingers 21 andheld in place by a hold-down plate 28, which is afilxed to .the top 'of the body 23. All four of these jaws are identical insofar as the foregoing description is con-.

' radially inward. They are shown retracted in Fig. 4 and advanced or in pipe'supporting position in Fig. 3.

In order that these four jaws may be raised and lowered in unison a handle or lever 30 is shownas mounted upon the pivot 3 I, which is in turn supported on the links 32, one of which is pivoted at 33 on each of two opposite sides of the frame 2. The link 32 is free to pivot laterally about the pin 33 upon turning movement of the handle. The handle 30 comprises the side arm pieces 35 which are in the-form of an angular or bell crank member. The end opposite the handle receives the pivot pin 36. The pivot pin 36 is carried on an arm 31, which isafiixed to the slip jaw body 23, as best seen in Figs. 3 and 4. In view of the fact that this handle 30 straddles the entire frame itseems clear that, as seen in Fig. 4; the two left-hand slips 22 will beraised and lowered when the handle is shifted from the full line to the dotted line position. as seen 0 in Fig. 1. In order that these two left-hand jaws will move in unison a finger 40 extends from the jaw 4| and has a forked ear 42 thereon which receives the pin 43 carried by the jaw 44. In this manner these two jaws 4| and 44 are compelled to move as to elevation at the same rate.

In order that the tworemaining jaws 45 and 46 'will also move in unison with the jaws'4l and 44 similar arms 40 have been provided on the jaws 4| and 44, which arms in turn receive pins 43, which extend from each of the jaws 45 and 46.

A similar arrangement of finger and pin is also arranged between the jaws 45 and 48. Due to these interfitting connections all of the jaws will move as a unit. 1 The 'brace or support 20, as seen in Fig. 6, is made in two parts so that the collar 50 thereof will encircle the pipe 9 when the parts are assembled.

In operation it is merely necessary to move the twosegments 3 and 4 into position to receive the tubing which is to be supported and to then place the pins 6 through the interfitting lugs 5. The handle can then be manipulated to receive or release the tubing, as desired, due to the sliding movement of the jaws.

Broadly, the invention contemplates a tubing spider which-is simple and economical in its construction and in which the stresses are applied directly through the metal to avoid bending stresses which results in the construction of a spider which is \but a very small fraction of the weight of previously provided spiders.

What is claimed is: I

l. A tubing spider of the character described comprising a square frame having four inwardly and downwardly inclined sides of a sheet of metal, a trackway in each of the four corners, and a pipe supporting jaw mounted to slide in each trackway.

2. A square bowltubing spider comprising a frame, straight flat side walls of sheet metal constituting said frame, a series of pipe supporting jaws slidably mounted in said frame, a mounting for each jaw in each corner of said frame so that .the stress applied to the frame from the load on each jaw will be along the center line of the side wall ofthe frame.

3. A square bowl tubing spider comprising a frame, straight flat side walls of sheet metal constituting said frame, a series of pipe supporting jaws slidably mounted. in said frame, mounting for each jaw in each corner of said frame so that the stress applied to the frame from the load on each jaw will be along the center line of the side wall of ,the frame, and means to manipulate said jaws to grip and release the pipe.

4. A square bowl tubing spider comprising aframe, straight flat side walls of sheet metal constituting said frame, a series of pipe supporting jaws slidably mounted in said frame, a mounting for each jaw in each corner of said frame so that the stress applied to the frame from the load on each jaw will be along the center line of 

